Process for the production of threads



B. BORZYKO'WSKI. PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THREADS. APPLICATION FILED Aus.31. 191.7.

1,401,943.- Patented Dec.27,19 21.

IIIIIIIIA 641501 new below can be secured when, for. the produc- To all whom it may concern UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PROQESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THREADS.

Specification of Letters Patent; V Patented Dec, 27, 1921.

.Application filed August 31, 1917. Serial No. 189,079.

Be it known that I, BENNO BORZYKOWSKI, a citizen of Russia residing at Cleveland, in the county of uyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Process for the Production of Threads, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention pertains to an improved process for the production of threads, and more particularly to a method whereby the ultimate thread is formed or produced from a. number or plurality of capillary fibers or filaments.-

In the finest artificial threads hitherto manufactured, the single thread has a thickness ofabout 7.5 deniers, which has been considered very fine and has heretofore been attainable only by the antiquated and expensive nitro-cellulose process. As a rule, however, the threads are considerably coarser,

especially those made by the copper-oxidammonium process and the viscose process,

the capillary threads being, on an average, of a thickness of from 9 to 10 deniers. While threads of this thickness are suitable for certain purposes, it is nevertheless desirable, and in many cases absolutely necessary, to have still finer threads.

I have found that even by the latest viscose process, which is becoming more and more general, threads'of even 5 deniers and tion of the artificial threads, nozzles are used which have as many and as fine holes as it is practicable to make and accommodate in a spinning nozzle, or when two or more such spinning nozzles are arranged so close together that the fine threads discharged 1 from them can be united in a bundle in the apparatus whereby the method may be carried out or effected, though it is to be understood that any other arrangement may be the desired results. In said drawings:

F1gure 1 is a traq .v we e vertical sectional view of the a'ppar' tus;

F g. 2 a top plan view thereof;

F1g. 3 a perspective view of one of the nozzles illustrating the plurality of openings. employed employed, which is susceptible ofproducing I Fig. 4 a plan view showing a plurality of nozzles: and

Fig. 5 a side elevation of one of the nozzles turned upwardly into its closed position.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 denotes thesupply pipe from which the material to be spun is forced through a tube 2 into a head or spigot member 3. On said head is mounted one or more swinging cocks 4 and 4 the bores in the head and the cooks being such that they register when the cocks are turned downwardly andare closed off when the cock is turned upwardly, as-in Fig. 5. The cocks have tubular extensions 5 and 5 attached thereto, and said tubes being formed or curved so that they extend downwardly and inwardly, their extremities lylng fairly close together. At the outer end of each of said members there is detach ably secured a spinning or extruding nozzle 6.' The outer end of each nozzle is provided wlth a multiplicity of fine holes or openings 6,-the diameter-of each opening being 0.1 mm. or even less, if possible.

The main supply pipe is arranged adjacent a tank 7 so that when the apparatus is in operation the nozzles may be-submerged in the setting bath contained in the tank. Secured to the tank, remote from the nozzle,

is a hook-shaped member 8, preferably formed of glass.

The purpose of the downward bend or curvature of the tubular extensions 5 and 5 is to maintain the threads, extruded fromthe nozzles, submerged in the bathas they pass rearwardly in a substantially straight line through the bath to the hook 8.

The inward curvature is required only when the threads discharged from two or more nozzles are to be united in a single bundle and wound upon a single spool. By so arranging the parts the threads are brou ht together within a small radius, each capillary thread being given practically the same tension on being drawn of.

I is forced by any suitable means, as air'pressure in the supply tank, through tube 2, head 3, cocks 4, 4 (which are then turned' down and are open) into pipes or tubes-5 and 5, and through the minute orifices or openings in the nozzle 6. The extruded filaments or minute-threads pass through the setting bath and-come together and pass about the glass hook 8, being then carried back beneath the drawing cylinder 9, and finally onto spool 10. The nozzles stand, by reason of the bend or'curvatiire in pipes 5, 5*, insubstantial alinement with hook 8, so that the extruded filaments are carried or drawn back in a-substantially straight line through the bath to the hook. c

' By the arrangement set forth the filaments as above noted, are broufglht together amen or capi ary U a small radius, and each thread is given thesame tension on being drawn 01f.

The use and arrangement of the cylinder 9 is of great importance. The capillary threads as they pass from the nozzles and through the setting'or coagulating bath, are very fine and tender, and the use "of the cylinder allows a very stron tension to be placed or, exerted on the t reads throughout the whole bundle, .without excessively stretching any single thread, which would tend to break or disrupt the same. Said cylinder 9, being driven separately, it ispossible to reduce the tension on the threads in the bath, and at the nozzle, to a minimum and'to regulate it at will. The stretching proper of the whole bundle of threads does not take place until they pass from the cyl 'inder 9 to thespooll10, more meters being wound up per minute on the spoollO than the cylinder 9 has conveyed out of the settin bath 11. For instance, when the number o revolutions of thecylinder 9 is such that it supplies forty meters per minute, while the spool 10 rotates at such speed as to wind up fifty meters a minute, the plastic thread will be stretched twenty-five perrceent.

In spinning processes in which no setting is formed the discharged threads, the tube sections.

need not have the curved form shown in Fig. 1, but may be straight, as shown in Fig. 4, provided the threads run to the spool in a substantially straight line.

The multi-spinning apparatus as above outlined answers the purpose of a doubling frame, and saves a great deal in the way of wages and waste. It has heretofore been customary to produce artificial threads of 100 or 150 deniers and then to unite two or more such threads,after having been finished, into a thick thread on a separate doubling'f-rame. With the apparatus above described, however, the use of a separate doubling frame is avoided and threads of the plication, which division was made pursuant to the requirements of the Patent Office.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The rocess'of producing fine and uniform artificial threads, which consists in dischargin the material of which the thread from aplurality of fine openings, thereby producing capillary threads; coagulating such capillary threads and bringing them into a bundle, drawing .the bundled threads by a positively driven drawing device; and thereafter, and as-a continuing operation, winding the thread thus produced underatension in; excess of that exerted by the. drawing device. I 2. The process of producing fine and uniform artificial threads which consists in dischargingthe material of which the thread 

